Appearance of Piezoelectric PMN-PT and PZN-PT Single Crystals

- Remarkable Increase in Piezoelectric Properties

1. Very High Electromechanical Coupling Coefficient
(k₃₃ and k₃₂ > 0.9)

·Transducer Application

Significant increase in transducer bandwidth, sensiticty, and
accoustic power
Higher power efficiency

2. Very High Piezoelectric Constant
(d₃₃ and d₃₂ > 2000 pC/N)

·Actuator Application

Higher Strain levels
Dramatic improvement in vibration damping

Comparison between PMN-PT Single Crystals and PZT-5H Ceramics

	d₃₁	d₃₃	d₃₆	d₁₅
PMN-PT Crystals	-1,200~1,700 pC/N (k₃₁ > 0.85)	2,000~2,500 (k₃₃ > 0.9)	2,000~2,500 (k₃₆ > 0.9)	4,000~6,000 (k₁₅ > 0.95)
PZT-5H Ceramics	-250 pC/N (k₃₁ > 0.4)	600 (k₃₃ > 0.75)	0	750 (k₁₅ > 0.7)

Applications of Piezoelectric Single Crystals

1. "33-mode" Application (k₃₃ > 0.9; -d₃₃ > 2,000 pC/N)

· Meddical Ultrasound Transducers
· Positioning Actuators
· Vibration Control Actuators
· Broad Band SONAR
· High Power Ultrasonics (Motors, Drills, and Welders, etc.)

2. "31 or 32-mode" Application (k₃₂ > 0.9; -d₃₂ > 1,500 pC/N)

· Low Profile Actuators
· Vibration Control
· Energy Harvesting
· Strain Sensors
· Benders (Unimorph and Bimorph)

3. "15-mode" Application (k₁₅ > 0.9; -d₁₅ > 3,000 pC/N)

· High Sensitivity Accelerometers
· Torque Tubes
· Non-Destructive Testing (NDT)

Future Prospect of Piezoelectric Single Crystal (PSC) Technology

· Development of High-performance Devices by Using Next-Generation PSC and
Lead-free High Performance Devices by Using Lead-free PSC